The virgin forests of the Synevyr National Nature Park, Ukraine: its current condition and biodiversity

Abstract Among the protected sites of Eastern Carpathians, Synevyr National Nature Park (NNP) in Zakarpattia region Ukraine is one most valuable and was created to preserve its unique mountain beech spruce forest communities. The importance conservation typical natural virgin ecosystems Central European systemis emphasized. aim this article determine state naturalness forests territory NNP, analyse their syntaxonomy, establish floristic geobotanical characteristics distinguish existing biodiversity threats. It established that studied plots within NNP have a distinct nature based on structure, valuation parameters, spontaneous dynamics other features. Syntaxonomically park belong two associations: Symphyto cordati-Fagetum Vida (1959) 1963 (alliance Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926, order Fagetalia Pawłowski 1928, class Сarpino-Fagetea Jakucs ex Passarge 1968) Luzulo luzuloidis-Fagetum (Du Rietz 1923) Markgraf 1932 Luzulo-Fagion Lohmeyer & Tx. 1954, Luzulo-Fagetalia Scamoni 1959, Quercetea roboripetraeae Br.-Bl. Oberd. 1957). anthropogenic threats these are summarized. results research formed basis for inclusion as UNESCO World Heritage Site list objects “Beech ancient Carpathians regions Europe”.